HMRC close off an avoidance loophole in cases of overpaid VAT reclaims.

A recent judgment in a tax case has triggered a swift re-think of part of the Finance Bill currently before parliament, as introduced in the Budget in March. The case centres on repayment claims by people who have overpaid or overdeclared VAT.

Formerly, HMRC’s official position was that the right to make these repayment claims was not transferrable – i.e. that only the person who have overpaid or overdeclared the VAT was entitled to make a claim to recover it. The usual practice is for HMRC to offset the claim against any outstanding liabilities.

However, the Court in Commissioners of Revenue & Customs v Midlands Co-operative Society [2008] EWCA Civ 305 held that a right to make a repayment claim can be transferred, assigned or even sold. This potentially gives rise to an avoidance opportunity as there is no provision under current law for HMRC to offset the liabilities of the person who originally overstated the VAT liability if the claim is made by somebody else. As a consequence, by transferring the right to make a claim, taxpayers can avoid the set-off procedures.

The new clause has the effect that the person making the repayment claim stands in the shoes of the person who overstated the VAT liability for the purposes of the claim only – that is, they do not become liable for their debts, or replace their interests in any other way, but critically they cannot receive a sum greater than the amount the original creditor would have received had they made the claim. The clause achieves this by making provision that the amount due to be paid by HMRC on a transferred claim will be set off against the outstanding liabilities of the original transferor, and then any liabilities of the transferee.

The new clause will apply to all taxes administered by HMRC (i.e. including excise as well as VAT) and will apply to all transfers of rights to make a claim for overpaid tax which take place on or after 25 June 2008.

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Case Studies

The Tax Man

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Business Valuation in Distress

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FD in The Cupboard

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The Tax Man

The Tax Man

A new client was introduced to us via a recommendation with whom we arranged to meet on a regular basis in order to determine a number of changes that we felt were needed to their business structure. The client was at the time operating as a husband and wife partnership. The business was flourishing and had a number of large contracts with big organisations.

At the start of the process they were still heavily immersed in their day to day operations so we can get a full flavour for their ambitions, aspirations and growth plans. We quickly recognised there were sufficient tax savings which can be achieved by changing the structure from a partnership to a corporate entity. We carried out a business valuation and disposed of the goodwill from the old to the new business. Unfortunately, as often is the case with efficient tax planning, HMRC got involved and disputed our valuation.

An HMRC investigation can be a very stressful time for any client, even for those best prepared. However, our client had minimal input in the HMRC communication as we dealt with this professionally behind the scene. As an added benefit, our client could rest on the security that all work was covered by insurance and therefore all costs and time in dealing with this enquiry were covered by the fee protection policy we had put in place.

The initial approach taken by HMRC was very aggressive and they tried to present an argument that there was no goodwill in the business. We challenged HMRC’s view that the goodwill was worthless. After lengthy correspondence and numerous telephone calls, HMRC agreed 100% with our original valuation, which preserved our original tax saving plan for the client. Tax savings on this case where in the region of £75K at the outset, with ongoing savings of £6,000 per annum. We are pleased to add another happy client to our portfolio.

Business Valuation in Distress

Business Valuation in Distress

Selling a business is never an easy process, but when disputes arise, the need for a reliable third party due diligence process is even greater.

Tearle & Carver have extensive understanding of the requirements for remaining objective when managing a potentially difficult company buyout. In one such case, we were approached by the courts to act as independent accountant for an acrimonious business sale in which one partner was exiting the business and selling shares to the other. Given the circumstances, both sides had totally polar views of what their business was worth.

After arranging an initial meeting with the company, we were thorough in ensuring we completed due diligence, validating the figures in the accounting records, carrying out adjustments where appropriate, and drafting a set of reliable management figures within the framework required by the court.

A draft version of the report detailing our findings and conclusions was submitted to both parties, giving them the opportunity to voice any queries or concerns and ensure all relevant factors had been taken into account.

Through this process, we were able to submit a final report to the courts that was both binding and acceptable to both parties, effectively resolving what could otherwise have been a time consuming and costly process for all sides.

FD in The Cupboard

FD in The Cupboard

For smaller companies, it is often not possible or cost effective to pay for a full-time Financial Director.
Many of our clients therefore make use of Tearle & Carver’s extensive expertise to provide the services of an FD as and when required.

In this case, we were approached by the management team of an organisation looking to acquire the existing business via an MBO (Management buy out). Their business plan had proved ineffective for securing funding, and what they needed was financial expertise from someone with a developed understanding of the company’s internal workings.

Tearle & Carver helped deliver the solution our clients were looking through utilising our bank contacts in order to make the MBO viable, while also building a robust business plan and preparing our client for the rigorous vetting process. To help with cash flow issues, we introduced factoring which led to improved cash flow management.

We advised on the appropriate business valuation and structure, and continued to prepare monthly accounts to track profgress once the management were fully in command of all the information they needed to move their business forward.

In order to best assist these clients through the crucial first year of ownership, we attended board meetings on a regular basis, a service that we continue to provide to date.

With our continually developing understanding of their business, this client is able to remain confident that Tearle & Carver can provide any financial support they may need, now and in the future.